（包括拟研究或解决的问题、采用的研究手段及文献综述，不少于2000字） 外文文献SP methodology: strengths and limitationsSPs are people recruited from the local community and extensively trained to present the same prespecified condition to various providers. For instance, an SP may be trained to portray angina, reporting to the doctor with crushing chest pain when he woke up and accurately responding to questions and examinations that the doctor then performs. This method is fundamentally different from other proposed quality measures, both in the richness of the data and its ability to avoid typical biases or confounding issues arising from patient sorting and casemixConsider, for example, four traditional methods of quality measurements for healthcare: (1) interviewing patients after they receive services (exit interviews), (2) interviewing providers to assess their knowledge (provider interviews and vignettes), (3) analysing data from claims or medical records (record abstraction), and (4) observing patientprovider interactions (direct patient observation).612 We briefly discuss the strengths and limitations of these methods alongside the SP method below but refer the reader to a more thorough discussion in section 1 and table 1.1 in the online supplementary 11.立题依据1.1选题背景及意义1.1.1我国药事服务质量现状近年来，在全部取消药品加成、实行药品零差率销售、破除以药补医机制的倒逼下，药房正在面临转型，而药师职能也面临着转变。
国家医保局指出，科学的药事服务对促进合理用药、服务大众健康和提高医疗资源使用效率具有重要作用。
随着我国医疗体制改革的深入进行，人们健康意识和法律意识的普遍提高，越来越多的消费者开始要求有用药知情权和用药选择权，对药事服务也提出了更高的要求。
药事服务不再是一种简单的药品调配、分发，而是为病人提供直接的、有责任的药事服务技术，与医疗、护理服务共同完成提供病人生命质量这一既定目标。
药事服务是医院的重要组成部分，优良的服务能直接减少由于用药不合理造成的不良后果，减少不必要的损失和资源浪费，为医院带来良好的经济效益和社会效益。
1.1.2药事服务医院和药房分离的服务。
在旧的医药体制下，医院和药房是一体的。
这就会出现一个利益链条，医生、药房、药厂。
医生开大处方，开错处方，和医药代表勾结等问题十分严重。
而药事服务从根本上杜绝了这类问题，医院和药房之间变成了互助的关系。
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